Chipatso cha mkate Artocarpus odoratissimus, Marang
Genus Chipatso cha mkate (Artocarpus) ali ndi mitundu kuzungulira 60 a mitengo yobiliwira kuchokera ku gulu la Moraceae (gulu la mulberry kapena gulu la nkhuyu). Amapezeka ku South East Asia ndi kuzilumba za Pacific Ocean. Ma Chipatso cha mkate ndi abale enieni a mitengo ya nkhuyuFicus. Chipatso cha mkate amene amalimidwa kwambiri ndi Artocarpus altilis. Mitundu ina yambiri monga Artocarpus communis, Artocarpus integer (Cempedak), Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit, Nangka) ndi Artocarpus odoratissimus (Marang) ilinso m’gulu la Chipatso cha mkate.
Munkhani yathuyi tikudziwitsani za Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus). Ndi mtengo wobiliwira nthawi zonse ochokera ku chilumba cha Borneo ku Indonesia. Komabe, umalimidwa malo ambiri kuti uzigulitsidwa ku maiko ozungulira a Malaysia, Thailand, ndi Phillipines. Umadziwika muzilankhulo za mderalo ngati Atau, Keiran, Loloi, Madang, Marang, Pi-ien, Pingan, Tarap, Terap, ndi Khanun Sampalor. Mtundu uwu sumadziwika kunja kwa maiko amene tatchulawa. Mutchire, umamera munchenga munkhalango pa malo okwera 1000 m pamtunda pa Nyanja.
Mtengo wa Artocarpus odoratissimus umatalika mpaka pafupifupi 25 m; Masamba ake ndi atali 16 mpaka 50 cm ndi 10 mpaka 28 cm mulifupi.
Poti ndi wa monoecious, mtengo umodzi ndiwokwanira kubereka zipatso. Chipatso cha mitengo imeneyi ndi chobiliwira, chooneka ngati dzira, chachitali 16cm ndi 13cm mulifupi mwake, chimalemera kuzungulira kilogaramu imodzi chili chonse ndipo chimadyedwa chachiwisi kapena chophika. Koma njere zake zimayenera kuphikidwa nthawi zonse zisanadyedwe.
Chipatso cha mkate ndi gulu la chakudya chofunikira kwa anthu ochokera ku m’mwera chakuvuma kwa Asia. Mkati mwa chipatsochi ndimoyera kwambiri, pamene chipatsocho ndi chotsekemera kwambiri, chokoma mwa chipatso, chonunkhira, ndi chafungo ngati Durian (Durio, chipatso chonunkhira kwambiri pa dziko lonse lapansi).
Njira yabwino yofalitsira Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) ndi ya njere. Njere zaziwisi zimamera bwino ndipo zimayamba kuphuka mkati mwa mulungu umodzi. Komabe, kusaphukira kwa njere kumaonjeza mukazisunga kwa milungu itatu. Kotero, njere zizidzalidwa mudothi labwino lamchenga zikangokoloredwa kumene. Kufalitsa zomera sikutheka kwenikweni ndipo mitengo imeneyi siyikonda kugwidwa ndi tizirombo ngakhalenso matenda.
Chipatso cha mkate samapilira kuzizira kwambiri. Malingana ndi kudera kotentha kumene unabadwira, temperature yochepetsetsa isatsike kupyola 7 °C. M’madera otentha Chipatso cha mkate akhonza kulimidwa mmunda, koma asungidwe mnyumba kapena mnyumba ya zomera m’madera amene madzi amaundana chifukwa chakuzizira kwambiri.
